동사 3단변화 + ~ing 형 (1. 규칙변화)

 

규칙변화 규칙

1) 대부분 동사: ⓥ +_ed 

2) '-e'로 끝나는 동사 : ⓥ +_d

3) '모음1 (단모음) + 자음2 (단자음)' 으로 끝나는 동사: 마지막 자음 한번 더 + ed 

4) '자음 + y' 로 끝나는 동사: y → i + ed

5) '모음 + y' 로 끝나는 동사: ⓥ + ed

 

1) 대부분 동사: ⓥ + ed

work - worked - worked – working	일하다
help - helped - helped – helping	돕다
watch - watched - watched – watching	보다
listen-listened - listened – listening	듣다
want - wanted - wanted – wanting	원하다
finish - finished -finished-finishing	마치다, 끝내다
ask - asked - asked – asking	묻다
relax - relaxed - relaxed – relaxing	휴식하다
yawn - yawned - yawned – yawning	하품하다
buzz - buzzed - buzzed – buzzing	윙윙거리다
drain - drained - drained – draining	배수하다
float - floated - floated – floating	뜨다
knead - kneaded - kneaded – kneading	반죽하다
mow - mowed - mowed – mowing	잔디를 깎다
peel - peeled - peeled – peeling	껍질을 벗기다
brush - brushed - brushed – brushing	닦다
fetch - fetched - fetched – fetching	가지고 오다
tickle - tickled - tickled – tickling	간지럽히다
whisper – whispered – whispered – whispering	속삭이다
quarrel – quarreled – quarreled – quarreling	다투다, 말다툼하다

2) ‘-e’로 끝나는 동사: ⓥ + d

love – loved – loved – loving	사랑하다
like – liked – liked – liking	좋아하다
move – moved – moved – moving	이동하다, 옮기다
close - closed - closed – closing	닫다
hope - hoped - hoped – hoping	희망하다
grate - grated - grated – grating	갈다

3) ‘모음1(단모음) + 자음1(단자음)’로 끝나는 동사: 마지막 자음 한번 더 + ed

shop- shopped - shopped – shopping	쇼핑하다
stop - stopped - stopped - stopping	멈추다
plan - planned - planned - planning	계획하다
rob - robbed - robbed - robbing	강탈하다, 털다
knit - knitted - knitted - knitting	실을 뜨다, 뜨개질하다
nod - nodded - nodded – nodding	고개를 끄덕이
jog - jogged - jogged - jogging	조깅하다
mop - mopped - mopped - mopping	걸레질하다
wrap - wrapped - wrapped – wrapping	포장하다
grip - gripped - gripped - gripping	움켜잡다
nap - napped - napped - napping	낮잠 자다
flip - flipped - flipped - flipping	뒤집다
skip - skipped - skipped - skipping	건너뛰다
drop - dropped - dropped – dropping	떨어뜨리다
commit-committed-committed–committing	헌신하다
admit - admitted - admitted – admitting	인정하다
permit-permitted - permitted-permitting	허가하다
regret-regretted-regretted – regretting	후회하다
grab - grabbed - grabbed – grabbing	움켜잡다
clap - clapped - clapped – clapping	박수치다
slip - slipped - slipped – slipping	미끄러지다
pin - pinned - pinned – pinning	고정시키다
rip – ripped – ripped – ripping	찢다, 뜯다
prefer – preferred - preferred – preferring	선호하다
pop – popped – popped – popping	터지다
chat – chatted - chatted – chatting	말하다, 수다떨다

4) ‘자음 + y’로 끝나는 동사: y → i +ed

study - studied - studied – studying	공부하다
carry - carried - carried - carrying	나르다
satisfy-satisfied-satisfied-satisfying	만족시키다
empty - emptied - emptied - emptying	비우다
fry - fried - fried – frying	튀기다
dry - dried -dried - drying	말리다, 건조시키다
try - tried - tried - trying	시도하다
cry – cried – cried – crying	울다
apply - applied - applied – applying	적용하다
bury - buried - buried - burying	묻다
rely - relied - relied - relying	의지하다
deny - denied - denied - denying	부인하다
worry – worried – worried – worrying	걱정하다
hurry – hurried - hurried – hurrying	서두르다
reply - replied - replied – replying	답하다
marry - married - married – marrying	결혼하다

5) ‘모음 + y’로 끝나는 동사: ⓥ + ed

play - played - played – playing	놀다, 연주하다
stay - stayed - stayed – staying	머무르다
destroy – destroyed – destroyed - destroying	파괴하다
delay – delayed - delayed – delaying	미루다
obey - obeyed - obeyed – obeying	따르다